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Author(s):
Agnieszka Smoczynska
,
Henriëtte DM Beekman
,
Marc A Vos
Added:
3 years ago
The plasticity of the heart enables it to adapt to certain pathological insults and to maintain the cardiac output necessary to satisfy the metabolic requirements of the body.1 Although beneficial at first, this process of ventricular remodelling can have detrimental effects on cardiac function and contribute to arrhythmogenesis.2 Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias accounts…
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Author(s):
Antonio Zaza
,
Carlotta Ronchi
,
Gabriella Malfatto
Added:
3 years ago
The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias is often related, within an individual, to the rate of their underlying sinus rhythm (heart rate). The direction of this relationship is generally considered to entail some prognostic significance: whereas ectopic activity suppressed by tachycardia is assumed to be benign, an arrhythmia enhanced by tachycardia is regarded with more concern. Is this…
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Author(s):
Nikhil Singh
,
Kegan James Moneghetti
,
Jeffrey Wilcox Christle
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Considerable evidence supports the importance that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has regarding cardiovascular health and prognosis.1 Specific variables derived from heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and with exercise help assess the status of the ANS. Interest has also peaked on the use of HRV to assess the quality of an exercise programme. Among the athletic…
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Author(s):
Nikhil Singh
,
Kegan James Moneghetti
,
Jeffrey Wilcox Christle
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Estimation of Prognosis Using HRV
The association of heart rate variability (HRV) and prognosis, both for all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality, has been studied using ECG at rest, with exercise and in the ambulatory setting. A meta-analysis by Hillebrand and colleagues found that, using both resting and ambulatory ECG monitoring, lower HRV is associated with a 32–45% increased risk of…
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Author(s):
Konstantinos N Aronis
,
Rheeda L Ali
,
Jialiu A Liang
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
The pathophysiology of AF is complex and incompletely understood to date.1,2 AF is a progressive disease of the atria involving a multitude of mechanisms related to its initiation, maintenance and progression. Experimental evidence suggest that AF is characterised by alternations in atrial size, shape electrophysiology, autonomic innervation, and cardiomyocyte metabolism, as well as development…
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Author(s):
Adam J Graham
,
Richard Schilling
Added:
2 years ago
Author(s):
Justine Bhar-Amato
,
William Davies
,
Sharad Agarwal
Added:
3 years ago
Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VAs) most commonly occur early in ischaemia, and patients presenting with an acute MI and ventricular arrhythmias are a group that has a significantly increased risk of mortality.1,2 Thrombolysis primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and use of beta-blockers, while resulting in the modification of the natural history of an infarct, have also reduced the…
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Author(s):
Nabil El-Sherif
,
Gioia Turitto
,
Mohamed Boutjdir
Added:
3 years ago
Since its initial description by Jervell and Lange-Nielsen in 1957,1 congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) has been the most investigated cardiac ion channelopathy. A prolonged QT interval on the surface ECG is a surrogate measure of prolonged ventricular action potential duration (APD).
Congenital as well as acquired alterations in certain cardiac ion channels can affect their currents in such a…
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Author(s):
Serge Sicouri
,
Charles Antzelevitch
Added:
3 years ago
The link between sudden unexplained death in individuals with mental health problems who are administered antipsychotic drugs has been recognised for over a century.1 A clear relationship has emerged over the past 25 years between antipsychotic drugs, prolongation of the QT interval of the ECG, atypical polymorphic tachycardia known as torsade de pointes (TdP) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). A…
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Author(s):
Megan Barber
,
Jason Chinitz
,
Roy John
Added:
3 years ago
Ventricular arrhythmias are designated idiopathic when demonstrable structural heart disease, significant coronary disease including coronary spasm or genetic arrhythmia syndromes are absent.1 These arrhythmias may be benign but are also a recognised cause of sudden cardiac death. The common form of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) originates in the ventricular outflow tracts, manifest…
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