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Author(s):
Saagar Mahida
Added:
3 years ago
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent arrhythmia that represents an important burden on healthcare systems. The presence of AF is associated with an increased risk of conditions such stroke, heart failure and dementia. Further, AF is associated with increased mortality. Over the past half century, significant advances have been made in understanding the pathobiology of AF. Important…
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Author(s):
Dario DiFrancesco
Added:
3 years ago
HCN4 (hyperpolarisation-activated, cyclic nucleotide gated 4) channels, the pore-forming α–subunits of ‘funny’ channels originally described in pacemaker cells of the sinoatrial node (SAN),1 are responsible for the early phase of diastolic depolarisation in these cells and are key determinants of pacemaker generation and control of heart rate.2–5 HCN4 channels are selectively expressed in the SAN…
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Author(s):
Nicolas Johner
,
Mehdi Namdar
,
Dipen Shah
Added:
3 years ago
Catheter ablation (CA) is a widely used first-line treatment for AF. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown its superiority to pharmacological treatment in terms of symptom control, rhythm control and mortality in selected patients; observational studies have also suggested a decreased risk of stroke.1,2 Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the standard endpoint, but studies have reported…
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Author(s):
Vincent Probst
,
Stéphanie Chatel
,
Jean-Baptiste Gourraud
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a clinical entity identified in 1992 by Brugada brothers from a file of patients resuscitated from sudden cardiac death (SCD).1 Of these patients, some had a specific electrocardiogram (ECG) appearance characterised by an incomplete right bundle branch block associated with an ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads. It quickly became apparent that this…
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Author(s):
Moinuddin Choudhury
,
Mark R Boyett
,
Gwilym M Morris
Added:
3 years ago
The sinoatrial or sinus node (SAN) is the heart’s natural pacemaker. Located in the superior right atrium, it automatically produces cyclical electrical activity to initiate each heartbeat in normal sinus rhythm. SAN dysfunction (SND) in humans, also known as ‘sick sinus syndrome’, can manifest as pathological bradycardia and asystolic pauses. As a result, SND can lead to symptoms of reduced…
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Author(s):
Theodoros A Zografos
,
Demosthenes G Katritsis
Added:
3 years ago
Atrial Fibrillation(AF) affects 1-2 % of the population, and its prevalence is expected to increase in the next 50 years.1,2 The treatment of these patients includes either restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm (SR) or control of the ventricular rate.3
Electrical cardioversion (ECV) can be effective in restoring SR in the majority of patients; however, it is associated with several risks…
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Author(s):
Deniz Akdis
,
Corinna Brunckhorst
,
Firat Duru
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is usually referred to as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D).1A first historical description was made in 1736, whereas its first modern description dates back to 1982.2 Initially, ACM was thought to be an embryological malformation.3 Yet in recent years it became evident that the pathophysiology of an ongoing genetically…
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Author(s):
Serge Sicouri
,
Charles Antzelevitch
Added:
3 years ago
The link between sudden unexplained death in individuals with mental health problems who are administered antipsychotic drugs has been recognised for over a century.1 A clear relationship has emerged over the past 25 years between antipsychotic drugs, prolongation of the QT interval of the ECG, atypical polymorphic tachycardia known as torsade de pointes (TdP) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). A…
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Long QT Syndrome Modelling
Author(s):
Luca Sala
,
Massimiliano Gnecchi
,
Peter J Schwartz
Added:
3 years ago
Article
Author(s):
Konstantinos N Aronis
,
Rheeda L Ali
,
Jialiu A Liang
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
The pathophysiology of AF is complex and incompletely understood to date.1,2 AF is a progressive disease of the atria involving a multitude of mechanisms related to its initiation, maintenance and progression. Experimental evidence suggest that AF is characterised by alternations in atrial size, shape electrophysiology, autonomic innervation, and cardiomyocyte metabolism, as well as development…
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