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Author(s):
Rodrigo Gallardo Lobo
,
Michael Griffith
,
Joseph De Bono
Added:
3 years ago
Around 0.8% of live births are affected by some type of congenital heart disease; 30–50% of whom will need one or more surgical interventions, generally during early childhood, involving in some cases complex corrections with patches, baffles or extracardiac circuits.1,2
As a result of advances in surgical interventions, the life expectancy of patients with congenital heart disease has…
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Author(s):
Moinuddin Choudhury
,
Mark R Boyett
,
Gwilym M Morris
Added:
3 years ago
The sinoatrial or sinus node (SAN) is the heart’s natural pacemaker. Located in the superior right atrium, it automatically produces cyclical electrical activity to initiate each heartbeat in normal sinus rhythm. SAN dysfunction (SND) in humans, also known as ‘sick sinus syndrome’, can manifest as pathological bradycardia and asystolic pauses. As a result, SND can lead to symptoms of reduced…
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